2010年11月6日成人本科学位英语统一考试(A)-聚题库

Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs，but archaeologists (考古学家) learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that don't break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal.
It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history--normally, the bacteria (细菌) in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.
In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police，who then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly--but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man's stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!
Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man's skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.
How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called,“Lindow Man”. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadn't died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods.

1. Which language does the word “archaeology”come from?（）

AFrench.

BGreek.

CRoman.

DGerman.

2. The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to（）.

Aletters

Bphotographs

Cpaintings

Dobjects

3. Which of the following helped to preserve“Lindow Man”?（）

AIce and low temperature.

BBacteria and oxygen.

CSoil and energy.

DAcid and water.

4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?（）

A“Lindow Man”was named after the person who first found him.

BHistorians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence.

C“Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England.

D“Lindow Man”was good at manual work.

5. Which is the best title for the passage?（）

AWhat Is Archaeology?

BArchaeology and History

CAn Amazing Archaeological Discovery

DThe Death of“Lindow Man”

The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.
And yet, city life isn't easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it's long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.
One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.
This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we're crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of Strangers. In recent years, it's become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.
This research is also leading some scientists to dabble (涉足) in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain. The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life. The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help.

6. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?（）

AThe city inspires talented people.

BThe city hurts your brain.

CThe city has many pleasures and benefits.

DThe city seriously affects the natural balance.

7. The word “metropolis” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to（）.

Acitizen

Bnature

Ccity

Dstress

8. People have just come to realize that（）.

Ahuman attention is a scarce resource

Bcity life can make people very tired

Cthe city is an engine of intellectual life

Dan urban environment is damaging to the brain

9. What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quickly?

ANature.

BBetter treatment.

CExperienced doctors.

DGood medicine.

10. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?（）

ADifferent aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self-control.

BSmall changes in urban design cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.

CFor the first time in history, the earth's population is more urban than rural.

DA walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.

Breastfeeding (母乳喂养) for a month or longer appears to reduce a woman's risk of getting diabetes (糖病) later in life, according to a new study. The breastfeeding and diabetes link has been reported in other studies, according to researcher Eleanor Schwarz. Yet, her study makes the link easier to believe. Her study is published in a journal of medicine in America. Schwarz and her colleagues looked at data about breastfeeding practices. They evaluated data on 2,233 women from Califomia. Of those, 405 were not mothers, 1,125 were mothers who breastfed for at least a month, and 703 were mothers who had never breastfed. They were 40 to 78 years old.
According to Schwarz's study, the risk of getting a diagnosis (诊断) of Type 2 diabetes for women who breastfed all their children for a month or longer was similar to that of women who had not given birth. But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth. Mothers who never breastfed were about 1.4 times as likely to develop diabetes as women who breastfed for one to three months, Schwarz found.
While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, Schwarz says, even longer is better. “Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body.” Many experts recommend breastfeeding for six months and continuing for a year, she says.
The diabetes-breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. Mothers, who don't breastfeed, as they get older, may have more belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new mothers take off weight. “Belly fat increases the risk of diabetes as you get older,” she says.
The finding isn't surprising at all, says Kimberly Gregory. She often gives advice to women who get diabetes (occurring during pregnancy (怀孕)) that they are at risk for later getting Type 2 diabetes and suggests they breastfeed. The new findings will probably inspire Gregory to add to the-advice she gives moms-to-be about the benefits of breastfeeding. She often focuses on the benefits to the baby.

11. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?（）

AAbout two thousand and two hundred old women took part in the study.

BEleanor Schwarz's research program was about men and women who suffered from diabetes.

COver one fifths of the women never got married.

DEleanor Schwarz's results seem more reliable.

12. According to Schwarz's findings, who are more likely to get diabetes later in life?（）

AThose mothers who had never breastfed.

BThose mothers who never gave birth.

CThose mothers who breastfed for a month.

DThose mothers who breastfed for six months.

13. Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with?（）

ABreastfeeding is not advisable because it is not good for a mom to keep a good shape.

BBreastfeeding can greatly reduce a mother's chances of getting all kinds of serious disease.

CBreastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, the better.

DBreastfeeding for a month or longer makes babies smarter.

14. What does the author mean by “moms-to-be” in the last paragraph?（）

AWomen who are pregnant, especially for the first time.

BWomen who dream of having babies for the first time.

CWomen who already have children.

DWomen who have just got babies for the first time.

15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?（）

ABreastfeeding May Enhance Babies' Chances of Survival

BBreastfeeding May Lower Moms' Diabetes Risk

CBreastfeeding May Become Very Fashionable in Near Future

DBreastfeeding May Help Women Lose Weight

1. You should carefully think over（） the manager said at the meeting.

Athat

Bwhich

Cwhat

Dwhose

2. Last week I wrote to the hotel to book a room, but they （）yet.

Adidn't answer

Bwasn't answering

Chadn't answered

Dhaven't answered

3. Diana felt very much upset at （） to the party as she had longed to go for a long time.

Ahaving not been invited

Bnot having been invited

Cnot to be invited

Dto be not invited

4. On no account （） held responsible for the car accident, so he should not be put into prison.

Athe driver can be

Bcan the driver be

Cthe driver be

Dbe the driver

5. All the kids are crying now.What（）makes them so unhappy?

Ait is

Bis it

Cit is that

Dis it that

6. Unfortunately, the package I was expecting was （） to the wrong address.

Awritten

Bgiven

Cpacked

Ddelivered

7. （）by a large audience, he felt very nervous and didn't know what to say.

AWatching

BWatch

CWatched

DHaving watched

8. I'm very grateful for your help and hope to do something for you（）in the future.

Ain exchange

Binstead

Cin return

Din particular

9. I can （）you that the animals are well cared for in our zoo, so you needn't worry about them.

Asuppose

Bassume

Cassure

Dgrant

10. The drowning boy made a （） attempt to catch the rope thrown to him.

Adangerous

Bgraceful

Cgentle

Ddesperate

11. If we（）early tomorrow morning, we will reach the coast before dark.

Atake off

Bset off

Cset up

Dtake up

12. A lot of people mistake John for Bill because they （） each other in appearance too much!

Aweave

Butilize

Creveal

Dresemble

13. When there are cordial relations between the two countries, we mean there exists a（）relationship between them.

Afriendly

Bhostile

Cfertile

Dcomplicated

14. The patient's recovery was very encouraging as he could（）get out of bed without help.

Aonly

Balmost

Cmerely

Dhardly

15. At the job interview, Mr.Brown gave a good （） of himself and finally got a job as a salesman.

Aopinion

Bidea

Ccry

Daccount

16. As is well known, eating too much fat can（）heart disease and cause high blood pressure.

Aadd to

Battend to

Ccontribute to

Dapply to

17. A club is a place to make frequent（）with friends.

Aaccounts

Battempts

Ccontents

Dcontacts

18. （）the obvious differences in size and population, the states of America have many things（） common.

AAlthough; on

BThough; in

CDespite; in

DBecause of; on

19. Scientists say it may be five or six years （）this medicine is tested on human beings.

Asince

Bbefore

Cafter

Dwhen

20. With larger numbers of graduates than ever before, just having a degree will no longer be enough to make you （）in the crowd.

Astand up

Bstand by

Cstand for

Dstand out

21. The doctor tried to do an experiment to find out the（）of the medicine on the mice.

Acause

Bresult

Creason

Deffect

22. This is only one of the laundries in the district（）modem equipment.

Athat have

Bwhich have

Cthat has

Dwhat has

23. Skating can be good for you （） correctly.

Athough doing

Bthough done

Cif done

Dif doing

24. By the end of last week 611 people from 49 countries（）to attend the meeting, with nearly half coming from the United States, Germany and Britain.

Ahad registered

Bhave registered

Cregistered

Dwere registered

25. It was suggested that（）big event like the Year of Russia in China should certainly benefit（）relationship between the two countries.

Aa; the

Bthe; a

Ca; /

Dthe; /

26. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded（）other more well-informed experimenters failed.

Aas

Bunless

Cwhat

Dwhere

27. Having been praised by the teacher, the little girl ran back home, （）.

Ahappily and satisfied

Beager and excitedly

Chappy and satisfied

Danxiously and excitedly

28. —How are their talks going on? Have they reached any agreement?—They only seemed to have agreed to set another date for （）talks.

Adeeper

Bslower

Cfurther

Dhigher

29. （） ten minutes earlier, you wouldn't have missed the train. But you were late.

AHad you come

BDid you come

CHave you come

DShould you come

30. Having been told that her son died in the accident, the old woman appeared very calm, as if nothing （）.

Ahappened

Bwere happened

Cwas happened

Dhad happened

1. 请选出句中不正确的一项：I don't think a warm winter always has a negative influence on our life, hasn't it?

Adon't think

Bhas

Con

Dhasn't

2. 请选出句中不正确的一项：We have been told that under no circumstances we may use the telephone in the office for personal affairs

Abeen told

Bno

Cwe may

Dfor

3. 请选出句中不正确的一项：A warm thought suddenly came to me which I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday.

Acame to

Bwhich

Cuse

Dfor

4. 请选出句中不正确的一项：To wait in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized that he had left the wallet in the car.

ATo wait

Bfor

Crealized

Dhad left

5. 请选出句中不正确的一项：The Great Wall is so a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.

AThe

Bso a

Ctourist attraction

Dmillions

6. 请选出句中不正确的一项：Equipped with modem facilities, today's hospitals are quite different from that of the past.

AEquipped

Btoday's hospitals

Cdifferent

Dthat

7. 请选出句中不正确的一项：We solved the problem by using a computer rather than to do it all by hand.

Aby using

Bthan

Cto do

Dby hand

8. 请选出句中不正确的一项：Who has eyes can see what great achievements we have made since 1978.

AWho

Bhas eyes

Cwhat great achievements

Dhave made

9. 请选出句中不正确的一项：Surely, there are lots of problems solving in our research so we need to get well prepared in advance.

Alots of problems

Bsolving

Cneed to

Dget well prepared

10. 请选出句中不正确的一项：The harder he tried, the most failures he suffered in his early days as a writer.

AThe harder

Bthe most failures

Csuffered

Das a writer

We have quite a bit of information about ancient Egyptian medicine. Doctors' instructions have been found to tell us （56 ） they did for the sick and the injured. （57） many of the treatments included magic, ancient Egyptians used plant leaves and other methods to treat many （58） .
Religion, magic and medicine were （59） related in ancient Egypt. Some priests (牧师) were specially （60） as doctors to （61） the sick and the injured. Doctors were held to a high moral standard. Patients were treated with （62） and their （63） information was highly secret. The highest-ranking doctors were priests of the goddess Sekhmet, （64） controlled illnesses. Doctors spent a part of each year （65） the goddess. Doctors were thought to be （66） to the gods and able to ask them for healing.
Temples were centers for healing. （67） a person was ill, he or she would come to the temple or （68） a doctor for a diagnosis (诊断). A (n) （69） problem was treated with medicine, prayer and magic. If a clear cause was not （70） , the diagnosis would be that the illness was caused by an evil spirit or curse. The doctor would use magic spells to （71） a cure. （72） , a diagnosis could not be reached. （73） this case, a patient would be told to rest for a period of time （74） another examination could be （75）.

1. 56（）

Awhat

Bwhy

Cthat

Dwhich

2. 57（）

AWhen

BSince

CAlthough

DAfter

3. 58（）

Adamages

Bdiseases

Cdisasters

Ddestructions

4. 59（）

Ahardly

Bclosely

Cmainly

Dshortly

5. 60（）

Atrained

Bdesigned

Cplanned

Dstudied

6. 61（）

Alook to

Bcome to

Ccare for

Dsearch for

7. 62（）

Areputation

Binspection

Cfame

Drespect

8. 63（）

Aill

Bown

Chidden

Dpersonal

9. 64（）

Athat

Bwhich

Cwho

Dwhat

10. 65（）

Aserving

Breading

Clearning

Dfollowing

11. 66（）

Acareful

Bgenerous

Cmean

Dclose

12. 67（）

ABefore

BWhen

CUntil

DSince

13. 68（）

Athink over

Bapply to

Ccall for

Dmake up

14. 69（）

Aserious

Binternal

Codd

Dobvious

15. 70（）

Atreated

Bdiscovered

Ccured

Daroused

16. 71（）

Abring about

Bset out

Cinsist on

Dmake up

17. 72（）

ASubsequently

BConsequently

COccasionally

DHopefully

18. 73（）

AWith

BIn

CFor

DOn

19. 74（）

Auntil

Bwhen

Calthough

Dbecause

20. 75（）

Adecided

Bperformed

Ccarried

Ddiscussed

1. It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live.

2. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in his life—he could have been a rich man.

3. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control.

4. The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life.

5. Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body.

6. 在房子前面的大树下放着一张桌子。

7. 他二十七岁时开始学英语。

8. 全球化也正在改变人们的生活方式。

9. 这部电影我已经看过好几遍了。

10. 这就是他五年前住过的房子。

2010年11月6日成人本科学位英语统一考试(A)

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